气象管理数据中心设计与实现

Design and Implementation of Meteorological Government Administration Data Center

摘要:

为满足气象部门政务数据高效管理和共享应用需求，推动气象政务数据融入国家政务大数据体系，中国气象局依托国家级气象专有云设计、建设了气象部门首个一级集中、四级应用的集约统一的政务数据中心，直接支撑气象政务和业务应用。本文介绍了该数据中心系统的核心架构设计、主要业务功能、关键信息流程、基于气象政务数据特征的数据分类和分层数据体系、关键实现技术、应用成效等。系统的实现采用了一系列的新兴信息技术，包括支持多源异构的数据汇聚、基于策略的数据清洗和整合治理、全局统一的数据服务和接口管理、基于ElasticSearch引擎的全文检索、基于消息驱动的管理应用协同、主备中心数据同步等。作为气象部门政务管理数字化转型升级的数字底座，系统建成后为国省市县四级气象部门提供了一站式的政务数据管理和共享应用服务，在有力支撑中国气象局行政办公、科学决策和履行公共职能中发挥了良好效益。

Abstract:

In order to meet the requirements of meteorological departments for efficient management and sharing of meteorological government administration data, solve the problems of difficult communication, sharing and collaboration of data, and promote the integration of meteorological government administration data into the national integrated government big data system, China Meteorological Administration designs and builds the meteorological department’s first centralised and unified government administration data centre, which is “one level of concentration and four levels of application,” relying on the national-level meteorological proprietary cloud platform, and directly supporting meteorological government administration and business applications. This article analyses the current status, existing problems and construction needs of meteorological department government administration data, introduces the core architecture design, main business functions, the key information flow, the government administration data classification and hierarchical data system based on the characteristics of meteorological government administration data, key implementation technologies, and application effectiveness of the system. The implementation of the system adopts a series of advanced information technologies, including support for multi-source heterogeneous data aggregation, policy-based data cleansing and integration governance, globally unified data service and interface management, full-text search based on the open-source ElasticSearch engine, message-driven management application collaboration, data synchronisation in the master and standby centres, etc. The system started construction in 2019, and after more than two years of research and development, it completes the development of system software functions, establishes a data collection, data storage and data update mechanism, provides unified data sharing services, and continues to carry out the aggregation and governance of government administration data resources. It builds data applications such as office management, forecasting, human resources management, technology management, forecaster team portraits, full-text retrieval, business collaboration, comprehensive management decision-making analysis, etc. As the system is put into business applications, government administration data of the meteorological department are standardised, managed and effectively utilised, establishing a data resource directory of 12 first-level categories, 72 second-level categories, and 357 types of government administration data, completing the collection and storage of 237 types of data, releasing a total of 30 data interfaces in 20 categories, implementing 72 types of government administration data sharing applications within the meteorological department. Master data such as personnel, institutions, administrative divisions, seasonal holidays, and public roles provide real-time data services for more than 200 applications of the meteorological department. As a digital base for the digital transformation and upgrading of government administration of the meteorological department, the system provides “one-stop” government data management and sharing application services for the four-level meteorological departments at the national, provincial, city and county levels after its completion, and plays an essential role in effectively supporting China Meteorological Administration’s office management, scientific decision-making and performing public functions.